The Physics of Guitars

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Submitted On: Tuesday, May 26, 2009 at 3:26:24 PM
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Where does the music of a guitar come from? Why is it so much louder then just a taut string? How does an electric guitar convert the music to electric signals for the amplifier to pick up? It all rests on the concept of noise. Noise is just vibration of air, when the air vibrates faster, the noise is higher pitched, when the air vibrates more, it's louder. In a guitar, the vibration of the strings start it all.
In an acoustic guitar, there's always a soundbox. This box is made in a proportion that maximizes the amount of string vibration that is passed on to the air. The air just outside of the soundbox is vibrated, because of the size of the soundbox hole, the vibrations enter more easily where they vibrate other air molecules at the same frequency (rate of vibration) the frequency depends on the thickness of the string and on its length, the thicker and heavier a string, the lower its frequency (and pitch) because the same amount of energy cannot move it as fast. A light string, on the other had would have a much higher frequency because it can vibrate more easily. Because the speed of sound is the same in still air for all frequencies, higher frequency waves have lower wavelengths. For a sound wave to vibrate fast but still move at the same speed as a slowly vibrating one, it must move less with each vibration. If the frequency is doubled, the wavelength is halved. The length of the string helps with the wavelength. Because the wave must be still at both ends, and a wave on a string (also known as a standing wave because it goes nowhere but just vibrates in place) is still every half wavelength, there have to be a whole number of half wavelengths on the string. The easiest amount is 1 because the ends are already still, forcing it into that length. Because of that, the length of the string has a huge effect on its frequency, if you half the string length, you half th wavelength and double the frequency. With all of those possibilities for changing a guitar sound, chords help put them together in many combinations. After the vibration leaves the string, it travels into the sound box where it bounces around, making more air molecules vibrate at the same frequency then as it leaves, the string adds to the vibrating air to make it louder. The sound box is made in a shape that helps bounce the sound back to the opening. It is easy to see, with a guitar, that the sound reflects back in a straight line...

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Tags: Physics, Guitars
  Tuesday, May 26th, 2009 at 3:27:42 PM #19991
spaghettifier
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sorry about the syntax...

Fuck off, .

Uses [view] tag.
  Tuesday, May 26th, 2009 at 3:29:40 PM #19992
DeadLazyBum
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Interesting read. 5*

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  Tuesday, May 26th, 2009 at 10:22:02 PM #19995
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Fuck off, .

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  Wednesday, May 27th, 2009 at 6:03:15 AM #20005
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^ that's kind of a punch in the face to you.

I liked it though 5*'s.

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  Wednesday, May 27th, 2009 at 9:10:43 AM #20017
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I actually think this is a great article. I've been messing around with electric guitars for 12 years, and never had any sort of working knowledge of how they made the sounds that they do.

5* fo sho

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  Friday, October 16th, 2009 at 11:41:23 AM #23038
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Nice article! 5*

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